Fiberglass zvinoreva boka rezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kubva kune imwe neimwe girazi fibers zvakasanganiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana mafomu. Mahara egirazi anogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri makuru maererano nejometry yavo: Flyauous Fibers Inoshandiswa muYarns uye Zvekare (Pfupi) magumbeze, magumbeze, kana mapuranga ekusimbisa uye fiiltration. Fiberglass inogona kuumbwa mune yarn yakawanda kunge makushe kana machira, uye yakarukwa mumucheka unoshandiswa dzimwe nguva unoshandiswa kudhirowa. Fiberglass machira anowanzo shandiswa seinosimbisa zvinyorwa zvekuumbwa uye marara emapuranga. Fiberglass Wool, yakakora, fluffy zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kubva kune disntinuous fibers, inoshandiswa kune inopisa insultulation uye kunyorwa kwakanaka. Zvinowanzo kuwanikwa mu ngarava uye Submarine Bulkheads uye Hulls; autome injini makomendi uye muviri wemuviri panelue; mumidziyo uye mhepo mamiriro ekugadzirisa mayuniti; mapuranga acoustous ne ceiling mapanera; uye zviyero zvekuvaka. Fiberglass inogona kuve yakagadziridzwa kuti inyatsoita senge mhando e (magetsi), inoshandiswa seyemagetsi tema, tumbozha uye kusimbiswa; Type c (makemikari), iyo ine yepamusoro acid kuramba, uye mhando t, yeiyo yekunhuhwirira kwemukati.
Kunyangwe kutengeserana kwekutengeserana fiber yangoitika, artisans yakagadzira magirazi matanho ekushongedza matanda uye mavheti panguva yekudzoreredza. Mufadzi wechiFrench Pfeka yakarukwa yegirazi pa1893 Columbian Exposition muChicago.
Girazi makushe, huwandu hwemvura, hwakatangira mari yekureba, yakatanga kugadzirwa muEurope pakutendeuka kwezana ramakore, vachishandisa nzira yaisanganisira kuitisa machira kubva kuDombo Rakakwirisa. Makumi emakore gare gare, maitiro ekupaza akagadzirwa uye akatariswa. Girazi fiber ichisimbisa zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kuGermany mukati meHondo Yenyika I. Kutsvaga kwakanyorwa muUnited States kuenderera mberi muEnited States Inoshanda. Aya makambani akagadzira yakanaka, inodhura, yakaderera-inodhura girazi fiber nekudhirowa girazi rakanyungudutswa kuburikidza neyenzi yakanaka kwazvo. Muna 1938, makambani maviri aya akabatanidzwa kuti aumbe-corning fiberglas corp. Zvino ingozivikanwa sekambani yemari, yave madhora mazana matatu emadhora, uye mutungamiri wemusika wepfuti.
Zvishandiso zvakagadzirwa
Izvo zvinhu zvekutanga zvezvinhu zveFiberglass zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvichemo zvemaminerari uye zvakagadzirwa makemikari. Izvo zvinongedzo zvikuru is Silika jecha, limestone, uye Soda Ash. Zvimwe zvinongedzo zvinogona kusanganisira calcined alumina, borax, feldspar, Nepheline Seneen, Maginesite, naKaolin ivhu, pakati pevamwe. Sandhica jecha rinoshandiswa segirazi raimbova, uye soda ash uye limestone rubatsiro kunyanya kudzikisa tembiricha yekunyungudika. Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa kuvandudza zvimwe zvivakwa, zvakadai seBorax yekumanikidza kwemakemikari. Ratsi girazi, inonziwo cullet, inoshandiswawo seyakaisa zvinhu. Izvo zvigadzirwa zvekushandisa zvinofanirwa kunge zvichiremerwa zvakanyanya huwandu uye zvakanyatsosanganiswa pamwechete (zvinonzi bunching) usati wanyungudika mugirazi.
Kugadzira
Maitiro
Kunyungudutsa
Kamwe batch igadzirirwa, inodyiswa muvira yekunyungudika. Choto chinogona kuvezwa nemagetsi, mafuta emafuta, kana musanganiswa wevaviri. Tembiricha inofanirwa kuve chaiyo inodzorwa kuti ichengetedze, kuyerera kwegirazi. Girazi rakanyungudutswa rinofanira kuchengetwa pakupisa kwakakwirira (anenge 2500 ° F]) pane mamwe marudzi egirazi kuti aumbe muumbi. Kana girazi rikanyungudika, rinoendeswa kumidziyo yekugadzira kuburikidza nechiteshi (vachifanona) pakupera kwechoto.
Kuumba mumvura
Maitiro akati wandei akasiyana anoshandiswa kuumba machira, zvichienderana nerudzi rwe fiber. Machira emukati anogona kuumbwa kubva kugirazi rakanyungudutswa zvakananga kubva muchoto, kana girazi rakanyungudutswa rinogona kunge rakadyiwa kutanga muchina unoumba maruva emaruva e9,62 inch (1.6 cm) mune diameter. Aya marzuru anotendera girazi racho richaongororwa zvinoratidzika zvisina kuchena. Mune ese maviri akanyungudika uye marble melt maitiro, girazi kana magirazi emaruva anodyiswa kuburikidza neyemagetsi akachekwa (zvakare anonzi spinnerets). Iyo bhazi yakagadzirwa neplatinum kana simbi alloy, chero kupi kubva kune mazana maviri kusvika mazana matatu kusvika zviuru zvitatu zvakanaka. Girazi rakanyungudutswa rinopfuura nepakati pezviyo uye vanobuda kunze kunge mafirita akanaka.
Kuenderera-Filment Product maitiro
Nguva refu, inoenderera mberi fiber inogona kugadzirwa kuburikidza neiyo inoenderera-firandi maitiro. Pashure pokunge girazi rinoyerera kuburikidza nemakomba mumakomba ari mubhazi, marara mazhinji anobatwa pane yakakwira-yakakwira mhepo. Iyo mhepo inotenderera pamakiromita matatu (3 km) kweminiti, inokurumidza kupfuura chiyero chekuyerera kubva kuchirango. Kunetsana kunodhonza kunze kwenyasha dzichiri kuhukura, kuumba kunotambudza chidimbu chehupamhi hwekuvhurika muhupamha mubhazi. Chemakesi chemaketi chakaiswa, icho chinobatsira chengetedza iyo fiber kubva pakupwanya panguva yazazogadziriswa. Iyo flament ndiyo yanga yakuvadza pamabhuru. Zvinogona ikozvino kupindirwa uye kutunganidzwa mune yarn.
Staple-Fiber Process
Imwe nzira ndiyo nzira yakasarudzika maitiro. Sezvo girazi rakanyungudutswa rinoyerera nepakati pegwenzi, jets dzemhepo dzinokurumidza kutonhorera mafirita. Kuputika kwemhepo kunoputika kwemhepo kunopwanyawo filenti kuti urefu hwemukati me8-15 inches (20-38 cm). Iyi fililenti inodonha kuburikidza nekupuruzira kweiyo lubricant kune yekuvandudzwa chidhira, kwavanoumba teki yakaonda. Iyo yeWebhu inokweverwa kubva kugubhu uye yakadhonza mumhando yekuenderera mberi yeiyo yakasununguka yakaunganidzwa machira. Iyi tambo inogona kugadziriswa mune yyuru nemaitiro akafanana anoshandiswa kune mvere nekotoni.
Akachekwa fiber
Panzvimbo pekuumbwa mune yarn, iyo inoenderera kana refu-strex strand inogona kutemwa muhurefu pfupi. Mberi yakaiswa pane seti yemibabbin, inonzi creel, ndokudhonza nemushini unozvitakura kuita zvidimbu. Iyo yakachekwa fiber yakaumbwa mumatsi kune iyo binder inowedzerwa. Mushure mekurapa mune ovheni, iyo mat inokandwa. Zviyero zvakasiyana-siyana uye mativi anopa zvigadzirwa zve shingles, yakavakirwa-denga, kana materu ekushongedza.
Girazi makushe
Iyo rotary kana spinner maitiro anoshandiswa kugadzira girazi makushe. Mukuita uku, girazi rakanyungudutswa kubva muchoto rinoyerera mumudziyo wecylindrical vane marara madiki. Sezvo mudziyo unopembera zvinokurumidza, hova dzakatwasuka dzegirazi rinobuda mumakomba. Iyo yegirazi yegirazi rwizi rwakashandurwa kuita mafambiro nekutsika pasi kwemhepo, gasi rinopisa, kana zvese zviri zviviri. Iyo mafaira anowira pasi bhandi rebhandi, uko kwavanopindirana nemumwe muhukuru. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kune insulation, kana mvere dzinogona kupfirwa nebhinzi, dzimanikidzwa mubvu hwaunoda, uye rakaporeswa mune ovheni. Kupisa kunoisa iyo Binder, uye chigadzirwa chinobva chingave chave chakaomesesa kana hafu-yakaoma bhodhi, kana inochinja batt.
Kudzivirirwa Kwetsika
Pamusoro peBinders, zvimwewo zvejasi zvinodikanwa zvezvigadzirwa zvefaira. Lubricants anoshandiswa kuderedza fiber abrasion uye adzorerwa zvakananga pane iyo fiber kana kuwedzerwa mubhinzi. Iyo inorwisa-static composition inowanzorwiswazve pane iyo nzvimbo ye fiberglass insulation mats pakati peiyo inotonhorera nhanho. Mhepo inotonhorera yakadhonzwa kuburikidza nemakisi inokonzeresa anti-static mumiririri kuti apinde mukati mekutora kwese kwemate. Iyo anti-static mumiririri ane zvikamu zviviri - chinhu chinoderedza chizvarwa cheMagetsi uye stabilizer zvimwe zvikamu (lubricants, mabhasi, kana maAgrling egirling). Vamiriri vepakati vanoshandiswa pamitsipa iyo ichashandiswa kusimbisa mapurasitiki ekusimbisa, kusimbisa chisungo kune yakasimbiswa zvinyorwa.sometimes yekupedza inodiwa kuti ubvise zvipfeko izvi, kana kuwedzera kumwe kubiridzira. Zvemapurasitiki ekusimbiswa, mafoti anogona kubviswa nekupisa kana makemikari uye mumiririri anokwana ashandiswa. Zvekushongedza zvekushongedza, machira anofanirwa kupisa kurapwa kubvisa mibairo uye kuisa weave. Dye base coatings anobva ashandiswa usati wafa kana kudhinda.
Kugadzira mumhando
Fiberglass zvigadzirwa zvinouya mumhando dzakasiyana siyana, dzakaitwa uchishandisa dzinoverengeka maitiro. Semuenzaniso, fiberglass pombi insulation iri kukuvadzwa pamusoro petsvimbo yakaita senge mafomu anonzi ma mandisheni zvakananga kubva kune zvikamu zvekugadzira, usati waporesa. Iyo mold mafomu, mune marefu emamita matatu (91 cm) kana zvishoma, anobva aporeswa mune ovheni. Harefu dzakaporeswa dzinobva dzave-yakaumbwa kureba, uye sawn mune yakatarwa zviyero. Yenzvimbo inoiswa kana zvichidikanwa, uye chigadzirwa chakarongedzwa kutumirwa.
Mhando yekudzora
Munguva yekugadzirwa kweFiberglass insulisation, zvinhu zvinoenzaniswa nenzvimbo dzinoverengeka dziri mukati mokuchengetedza hunhu. Nzvimbo idzi dzinosanganisira: iyo yakasanganiswa batch iri kupihwa chikafu chemagetsi; Girazi rakanyungudutswa kubva mubinhing iro rinodya fibherizer; girazi fiber inobuda kunze kweiyo fiberizer muchina; uye yekupedzisira yakarapa chigadzirwa ichibuda kubva kumagumo erudzi rwekugadzira. Iyo bulk girazi uye fiber samples inoongororwa kumakemikari kuumbwa uye kuvapo kwekukanganisa uchishandisa zvimisikidzwa zvemakemikari zvidzitiro uye microscopes. Chikamu chekugoverwa kweBatch's zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa nekupfuura izvo kuburikidza nenhamba dzinoverengeka dzakasarudzika. Chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chinoyerwa kune ukobvu mushure mekurongedzwa maererano nezvakanyorwa. Shanduko mubvu rinoratidza kuti iyo girazi mhando iri pazasi chiyero.
Fiberglass Insulation Vagadziri vanoshandisawo akasiyana siyana emibvunzo yemiedzo yekuyera kuyera, gadzirisa, uye optimide chigadzirwa acoustical kuramba, kurira kwakanaka, uye kurira kwekumanikidza. Iyo Acoustical Properties inogona kudzorwa nekugadzirisa zvakadai zvekugadzira semiti yedhimoni, yakawanda density, gobvu, uye zvemukati zvemukati. Maitiro akafanana anoshandiswa kudzora zvinhu zvinoparadza.
Ramangwana
Indasitiri yeFiberglass inotarisana nematambudziko makuru pamusoro pevamwe ma1990 uye kupfuura. Nhamba yevanogadzira fiberglass insuliss yakawedzera nekuda kwekurarama kweAmerican kwemakambani ekunze uye kuvandudzwa muBreativity naVagadziri veUS. Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya, izvo zviripo uye pamwe musika wenguva yemberi hazvigone kuitika.
Kuwedzera kune yakawandisa kugona, zvimwe zvinhu zvekunzwa zvichikwikwidza. Dombo mvere dzave kushandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuratidzira nekukurumidza uye kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa. Simbe insulation imwe imwe nzira yekufambisa fiberglass mumadziro ekugara uye matenga ekutengesa. Imwezve zvinhu zvinokwikwidza mheremello, iyo inoshandiswa musics insulation.
Nekuda kwekuda kwakaderera kwekunzwa nekuda kwemusika wedzimba dzimba, vatengi vari kuda mutengo wakaderera. Uku kudiwa kwakave zvakare mhedzisiro yeiyo nzira inoenderera mberi mukubatanidzwa kwevatengesi nevatengesi. Mukupindura, iyo fiberglass indasitiri indasitiri inofanirwa kuramba ichicheka mutengo munzvimbo mbiri huru: simba nenzvimbo. Zvakawanda zvakaringana zvinowanikwa zvinofanirwa kushandiswa izvo zvisingavimbi neanobva imwe chete simba.
Nezvivakwa zvinosvika pakukwirisa masimba, fiberglass Vagadziri vanozofanira kuzadzisa zero zero kunze kwetsvina yakasimba pasina mari inowedzera. Izvi zvinoda kuvandudza maitiro ekugadzira kuti uderedze marara (yemvura uye gasi marara zvakare) uye kushandisa marara chero upi nekurega zvikagoneka.
Dombo rakadaro rinogona kuda rutsuko uye remumisiro risati rashandisa senzira yekusaina. Magadziri akati wandei ari kutogadzirisa nyaya idzi.
Kutumira Nguva: Jun-11-2021